بررسی وضعیت کارکرد تیرویید و تعیین نوع گواتر در بیماران مبتلا به گواتر

Goiter (diffused or focal enlargement of thyroid), is one of the most frequent complaints referred to endocrinologists. Goiter is evaluated for thyroid function & anatomical from of the gland. Understanding distribution of patients among different groups, & their signs & symptoms will help to choose a better diagnostic & therapeutic approach. Possible differences of patients characteristics in different geographic regions, & lack of sources related to our country were causes to design the study bellow. A retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the function & anatomical form of thyroid in patients with goiter. 1000 patients were selected through systematic randomization from those categorized as goiter in institute of endocrinology & Metabolism. All data about age, sex, state of thyroid function & anatomical forms, in addition to sign & symptoms were collected & analyzed with SPSS 9.50 (α-0.05, POWER=90%, CI=0.95). Mean, SD, Chi ^ 2 & One Way ANOVA were used in statistical analysis. Total mean age was 26.95±0.72. 88.9% were females & 11.1% were males 78.21% of patients were Euthyroids, 20.68 were hyperthyroids & 1.1% hypothyroids. There was a significant difference in mean of age among different groups according to TFT (P=0.0000). 60.74% of patients presented with simple goiter, 11.84 with multinodular nontoxic goiter, 13.95% with diffused toxic goiter, 3.71% with toxic multinodular goiter, 5,62% with a cold nodule & 2.51% with a hot nodule. There was a significant difference in mean of age among different groups according to goiter form (p=0.0000). 91.01% of euthyroid patients, 81.95% hyperthyroids & 100% of hypothyroids were female & the other members of each group were males. 80.2% of females were euthyroids, 18.55% hyperthyroids & 1.2% hypothyroids. 65.2% of males were euthyroids & 34.5% were hyperthyroids. There was a significant difference for sex among different groups according to TFT (p=0.002) & goiter form (p=0.0000). There was no significant difference for staging of goiter among different groups according to TFT (p=0.153) & goiter form (p=0.212) (power=90%). Palpitation was the most frequent sign among euthyroids (25.16%) & hyperthyroids (59.2%). Weakness was the most frequent sign among hypothyroids. There was a significant difference for sign & symptoms among different groups according to TFT (p=p.pppp). The majority of patients were euthyroids then hyperthyroids & hypothyroids. Simple diffused goiter, then diffused toxic goiter & non-toxic multinodular goiter were the most frequent forms of goiter. Low mean of age & higher prevalence of heperthyroidism compared to hypothyroidism is due to endemic Iodine deficiency. Higher hyperthyroidism ratio in men compared to women & the higher prevalence of multinoduar goiters need more studies to find the underling cause. Since euthyroidism is the most goiters need more studies to find the underling cause. Since euthyroidism is the most prevalent state of functions & there is a significant difference for sign & symptoms among different groups it is recommended to pay more attentions to clinical signs of patients before requesting TFTs. So that waste of money & laboratory sources is avoided.